Usually when we talk about addictions, the first things that come to mind are drugs, gambling, or pornography. However, addiction can apply to a lot of more common objects or even activities from sugary drinks to even watching TV. Addiction can generally be categorized into two main umbrellas: physical/substance addiction and behavioral addiction.
Physical/Substance Addiction: Sometimes also known as Substance Abuse Disorder or SUD, this category involves dependencies on substances that directly impact the body and brain chemistry. With substance addiction, a person would feel the physical cravings or need to continue consuming the substances. A few examples are:
- • Alcohol
- • Nicotine/Tobacco Addiction (also commonly known as smoking)
- • Marijuana
- • Hallucinogens
- • Cocaine
- • Amphetamines
- • Opioid
- And others
Behavioral Addiction: Just like the name suggests, behavioral addiction happens when someone is addicted to a certain activity or behaviors to get their ‘hit’. While both behavioral and substance addiction both have similar consequences on a person’s life, behavioral addiction don’t exhibit physical signs that often occur with substance addictions. Behavioral addictions involve compulsive engagement in specific activities or behaviors such as:
- • Gambling Addiction
- • Internet and Gaming Addiction
- • Sex/Porn Addiction
- • Shopping Addiction
- And others
Understanding the type of addiction helps both care providers and affected individuals understand the severity of the condition, the level of dependency, and appropriate treatments. Physical/substance addictions often involve a physiological reliance on a substance, leading to withdrawal symptoms when not used. In contrast, behavioral addictions revolve around compulsive behaviors, where the person may not experience physical withdrawal but psychological challenges in controlling their actions and curbing urges.
Likewise, type of treatment approaches and required intensity will also differ based on the type of addiction. Substance addictions often require medical interventions, detoxification, and counseling. In more severe cases where withdrawal symptoms might be harmful or even life-threatening, intensive inpatient rehabilitation care might even be recommended. In contrast, behavioral addictions may involve psychotherapy treatments such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), DBT, support groups, or other counseling methods that may focus on changing their lifestyle or developing a healthier habit alternatives.
While the biological implications and damage may differ between these categories, the consequences for individuals and those around them share similarities. For instance, both gambling addiction and drug abuse can cause financial strain due to excessive spending, strained relationships with family and friends, and overall deterioration in physical and mental health. Due to how damaging addiction can be to a person’s life, a comprehensive and personalized treatment plans are required to address the challenges that come with each addiction issue.